In the most challenging example, a crack had grown in the flange above a stiffener.

Crack in Flange Crack in top flange

Thermal Image of Crack in Flange
(Heated from Right)

The thermal image of the crack (left) shows the effects of the crack on heat conduction in the girder. The structure was heated to the right, which induced a large thermal gradient at the face of the crack.

Gradient Image of Crack in Flange

The gradient image (left) shows the result of the full process and clearly indicates the crack, which after being coated with bridge paint was invisible to the naked eye.